Cécile Ducher is completing her PhD studies at the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (Paris), under Matthew Kapstein’s direction. Marpa’s biographies were the subject of her MA thesis, forthcoming at Indus Verlag Publications. She is currently working on the history and transmission of the Ngokpa Kagyü lineage that evolved from one of Marpa’s main disciples, Ngok Chödor.